Rough Machining is used when carving 3D parts to clear away excess material when the part is too deep for the finishing tool to cut in a single pass.
Clicking on this icon opens the toolpath form shown to the right; the functions available within this are described below.
Clicking the Select button opens the Tool Database allowing the selection of a tool for this operation. As with other toolpaths the Edit button allows the tool parameters to be changed for this specific toolpath.
The machining limit boundary is the area in which we perform the Rough machining. There are several options:
The center of the tool will go to the edge of the specified boundary. If you are machining a raised object, this often means that the tool won't fully machine down the edge. This field is used to specify an offset to the selected machining boundary to increase its size to allow the tool to go past the actual edge if needed.
The machining allowance is a virtual thickness which is added to the 3D model when the Roughing Toolpath is calculated. This ensures that the toolpath leaves some extra material on the roughed part.
This is beneficial for two main reasons, the first is that when roughing it tends to be done with relatively large tool and aggressive cuts and so is more prone (depending on the material) to chip, this skin helps to prevent the chipping affect the finished surface. The second reason is that most tools cut well when they are constantly removing material. Therefore leaving an allowance of material on ensures that there is always at least some material for the finishing toolpath to remove.
Z Level Roughing essentially uses a series of 2D Pocket toolpaths which take into account the 3D model and hog-out the material around it within the specified boundary. There are two settings that must be chosen to define this type of toolpath. The first box lets you choose the main direction of the cuts in the toolpath; either Raster X which fills each pocket with a raster pattern mainly parallel to the X axis or Raster Y which fills each pocket with a raster pattern parallel to the Y axis.
The second setting is the choice of Profile, this controls whether each level has a profile cut around its boundary or not and if so whether it cuts before the raster or after it. First does the profile before the Raster on each level, Last does the profile cut after the raster and None eliminates the Profile cut leaving only the raster pattern. These choices depend a lot on the material and tooling being used. For example, more brittle material may benefit from the profile first option to reduce chipping.
The 3D Raster strategy is a 3D cut which passes over the whole model. This will leave a more even amount of material for the finish cut to remove but depending on the depth and style of the part it may take significantly longer to run. In shallower parts where the roughing is only taking one or two passes then this may be a better choice. For deeper parts then typically the Z Level rouging is a more efficient. There is only one option with this strategy is to define the main cutting direction. Raster X uses a raster pattern parallel to the X axis or Raster Y uses a raster pattern parallel to the Y axis.
The cutter can be ramped over a distance into the pocket instead of plunging vertically. This approach reduces heat build-up that damages the cutter and also reduces the load on the spindle and z axis bearings
The height above the job at which it is safe to move the cutter at rapid / max federate, this value can be changed by opening the Material Setup form.
This is the position that the tool will travel to and from before and after machining, this dimension can be changed in the Material Setup form.
This area of the toolpath page allows you to automatically select vectors to machine using the vector's properties or position. It is also the method by which you can create Toolpath Templates to re-use your toolpath settings on similar projects in the future. For more information, see the sections Vector Selector and Advanced Toolpath Templates
The name of the toolpath can be entered or the default name can be used.